Light sources

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Light source types

Incandescent bulb

Rounded glass bulbs that have been used for a long time for ordinary household lights. It is an incandescent bulb made famous by Thomas Edison who spread the light. An inert gas is enclosed in the glass bulb, and it emits light by supplying electricity to the filament that becomes the light emitting part. Because incandescent bulbs consume a lot of power, they are being replaced by LEDs.

Halogen bulb

It is a light bulb currently most frequently used in stage lighting such as par lights . Like incandescent bulbs, there are filaments, and the inert gas contains a small amount of halogen gas such as iodine and bromine, and is brighter than incandescent bulbs. It turns on immediately when the power is turned on.

Metal halide ball

A discharge bulb used for large lighting equipment such as moving heads . The basic structure is the same as a mercury lamp and uses light emission by arc discharge. High brightness, long life, and the strong white color makes it attractive. It may take time to discharge and stabilize. After the first time, it takes time to relight.

LED

LEDs are electronic devices called light emitting diodes. It is a light source that will replace fluorescent lights and light bulbs in the future. Compared to light bulbs, it is characterized by low power consumption, high impact resistance, long life and low frequency of failure.

Laser

A device that amplifies light and produces coherent light. The wavelength is constant, and it has excellent directivity and convergence. Lasers are classified by strength and have safety standards.

About illumination

The light emitted to a flat object represents the brightness. The units to describe brightness are lux (lx) or lumens per square meter (lm / m2)

A sunny day over 100000 lx

Under 50 to 100 lx
streetlights

A shade of 10000 lx fine weather

10 lx
candle

300000 to 50000lx
thin clouds

0.2 to 1lx
moonlight

Under 300-800lx
indoor fluorescent lights

Dark night at 0.0003lx fine weather

About luminous flux

Represents the brightness of all light emitted in a direction from the light source. Units are lumens (lm) or candela steradians (cd ・ sr)

About color temperature

The color of the light is expressed numerically. Unit is Kelvin (K)

Precautions when handling various light bulbs

If the glass is touched with bare hands, oil from the hand will adhere to the bulb, which may cause damage when it is lit. Wear gloves, etc., and handle them so that they do not get oily from your hands. If you do handle by hand, be sure to degrease with alcohol.

Light bulb list